_Henry Gates ARCHER _+
| (1818 - 1873) m 1841
_Rolla ARCHER _____________|_Mary HARRISON ______
| (1847 - 1935) m 1869
_Lester Alie ARCHER _|
| (1872 - 1957) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_Henrietta "Etta" SINNETT _|_____________________
| (1849 - 1937) m 1869
_Rolla Arther ARCHER __|
| (1916 - 1994) m 1935 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | ___________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Angie PINKHAM ______|
| (1886 - 1955) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |___________________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Elizabeth ARCHER
|
| _____________________
| |
| ___________________________|_____________________
| |
| _____________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |___________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Emily (Davis) TINKER _|
(1919 - 1951) m 1935 |
| _____________________
| |
| ___________________________|_____________________
| |
|_____________________|
|
| _____________________
| |
|___________________________|_____________________
_Duncan CAMPBELL ____+
| (1370 - 1453)
_Archibald CAMPBELL ____|_Marjory STEWART ____
| (1393 - 1440)
_Colin CAMPBELL _____|
| (.... - 1493) |
| | _John SOMERVILLE ____+
| | | (.... - 1491)
| |_Elizabeth SOMMERVILLE _|_____________________
|
_Archibald CAMPBELL _|
| (.... - 1513) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | ________________________|_____________________
| | |
| |_Isabel STEWART _____|
| |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |________________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Donald, Laird CAMPBELL
| (1492 - 1562)
| _____________________
| |
| ________________________|_____________________
| |
| _____________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |________________________|_____________________
| |
|_Elizabeth STEWART __|
|
| _____________________
| |
| ________________________|_____________________
| |
|_____________________|
|
| _____________________
| |
|________________________|_____________________
_____________________________
|
_William D'AVRANCHES _|_____________________________
| (.... - 1087)
_Rolandus D'ABRINCIS _|
| (.... - 1130) |
| | _Baldwin FITZGILBERT ________+
| | | (.... - 1090)
| |_Emma FITZBALDWIN ____|_____________________________
|
_William D'ABRINCIS _|
| |
| | _____________________________
| | |
| | _Nigel DE MANDEVILLE _|_____________________________
| | | (.... - 1095)
| |_Maude DE MANDEVILLE _|
| |
| | _William, Vicomte of ARQUES _+
| | |
| |_Emma D'ARQUES _______|_Beatrice MALET _____________
|
|
|--Simon D'ABRINCIS
| (.... - 1214)
| _____________________________
| |
| ______________________|_____________________________
| |
| ______________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________________
| | | |
| | |______________________|_____________________________
| |
|_____________________|
|
| _____________________________
| |
| ______________________|_____________________________
| |
|______________________|
|
| _____________________________
| |
|______________________|_____________________________
_Eafa of WESSEX _____+
|
_Ealhmund ___________|_____________________
| (.... - 0786)
_Ecgberht (Egbert), King of WESSEX _|
| (0775 - 0838) |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_____________________|_____________________
|
_Ęthelwulf ("Noble Wolf") King of WESSEX _|
| (.... - 0858) m 0830 |
| | _____________________
| | |
| | _____________________|_____________________
| | |
| |____________________________________|
| |
| | _____________________
| | |
| |_____________________|_____________________
|
|
|--Alfred The Great, King of ENGLAND
| (0849 - 0900)
| _____________________
| |
| _____________________|_____________________
| |
| ____________________________________|
| | |
| | | _____________________
| | | |
| | |_____________________|_____________________
| |
|_Osburh of ENGLAND _______________________|
(.... - 0853) m 0830 |
| _____________________
| |
| _____________________|_____________________
| |
|____________________________________|
|
| _____________________
| |
|_____________________|_____________________
Alfred was one of the greatest military leaders in history; crowned at Winchester Cathedral in 871; founded the British Navy; a scholar, etc. The Mercian kingdom ended during his reign "and in 886 Alfred's authority was accepted by all Englishmen who were not under the power of the Danes. From this time onward the history of Wessex is the history of England." {-Encyclopaedia Britannica, '56, 23:520; cf.8:483. Primary source is "Life of King Alfred," Bishop Asser, trans. L. C. Jane (London: Chatto & Windus Ltd., 1924).} Also see the historical novel, "The Last Kingdom," Bernard Cornwell (New York: HarperCollins, 2005) and its sequel, "The Pale Horseman" (same author & publisher, 2006), which present a graphic description of the Danish conquest(s) of England and Arthur's role in repulsing them.
----- Compton's Encyclopedia (America Online, 1995) records: ALFRED THE GREAT (848?-899). The course of English history would have been very different had it not been for King Alfred. He won renown both as a statesman and as a warrior and is justly called "the Great." The England of Alfred's time was a country of four small Saxon kingdoms. The strongest was Wessex, in the south. Born in about 848, Alfred was the youngest son of Ethelwulf, king of Wessex. Each of Alfred's three older brothers, in turn, ruled the kingdom. Alfred was by temperament a scholar, and his health was never robust. Nevertheless in his early youth he fought with his brother Ethelred against Danish invaders. Alfred was 23 when Ethelred died, but he had already won the confidence of the army and was at once acclaimed king in 871. By this time the Danes, or Vikings, had penetrated to all parts of the island. Three of the Saxon kingdoms--Northumbria, Mercia, and East Anglia--had one after another fallen to the Danish invaders. Under Alfred's leadership, the Saxons again found courage. The worst crisis came in the winter of 877, when the Danish king, Guthrum, invaded Wessex with his army. In 878 Alfred was defeated at Chippenham, where he was celebrating Christmas, and was forced to go into hiding. A few months later he forced Guthrum to surrender at Chippenham. The Danes agreed to make the Thames River and the old Roman road called Watling Street the boundary between Alfred's kingdom and the Danish lands to the north. The treaty, however, did not assure permanent peace. The Danes assaulted London and the coast towns repeatedly. In about 896 they finally admitted defeat and ceased their struggle for a foothold in southern England. Alfred was much more than the defender of his country. He took a keen interest in law and order and was concerned with the improvement of the cultural standards of his people. He encouraged industries of all kinds and rebuilt London, which had been partly destroyed by the Danes. He collected and revised the old laws of the kingdom. He invited learned men from other countries to instruct the people because even the clergy of Wessex no longer knew Latin, the international language of the church. He established a school similar to the Palace School of Charlemagne. The "books most necessary for all men to know" were translated from Latin into English so that the people might read them. Alfred himself took a part in preparing the translations. The `Anglo-Saxon Chronicle' was probably begun under his direction. Alfred died at the age of about 51 in 899. He was in no sense a true king of England, for he ruled less than half of the island. After his death, however, his capable son, Edward the Elder, and his grandsons extended their rule over all of England.<
>
From an Internet article at Ancestry.com: "A British and U.S. archaeological team believes it has found the grave of King Alfred, the great Saxon king, best remembered for fighting off the Danes in the ninth century. As then befitted a king of great piety, Alfred was buried in 899 at the New Minster church in Winchester, 65 miles southwest of London. His remains are thought to have been moved 200 years later to Winchester's Hyde Abbey, one of the great medieval monasteries. But the abbey was destroyed in 1538, and the site believed to be Alfred's tomb now lies next to a parking lot."
_Johannes ("John") WOLFGANG _+
| (1810 - 1868)
_Edward WOLFGANG ____|_____________________________
| (1845 - 1918)
_Monroe WOLFGANG _______________|
| (1868 - 1960) |
| | _____________________________
| | |
| |_____________________|_____________________________
|
_Robert S. WOLFGANG _|
| (1890 - 1969) m 1914|
| | _____________________________
| | |
| | _____________________|_____________________________
| | |
| |________________________________|
| |
| | _____________________________
| | |
| |_____________________|_____________________________
|
|
|--Sidney WOLFGANG
|
| _Abraham GEIST ______________+
| | (1813 - 1883)
| _John H. GEIST ______|_Elizabeth HEPLER ___________
| | (1840 - 1902) m 1861 (1813 - 1888)
| _William B. GEIST ______________|
| | (1863 - 1937) m 1889 |
| | | _Peter BEISEL _______________+
| | | | (1801 - 1873)
| | |_Harriet BEISEL _____|_Magdalena HEIM _____________
| | (1842 - 1912) m 1861 (1808 - 1879)
|_Jennie GEIST _______|
(1892 - ....) m 1914|
| _Andreas GEIST ______________+
| | (1801 - 1878)
| _Daniel H. GEIST ____|_Magdalena HEPLER ___________
| | (1832 - 1901) (1803 - 1869)
|_Catherine M. ("Cassie") GEIST _|
(1871 - 1933) m 1889 |
| _Jacob UPDEGRAVE ____________
| | (1812 - 1879)
|_Cecelia UPDEGRAVE __|_Catherine KIMMEL ___________
(1841 - 1906) (1814 - 1889)
[13059] living - details excluded
_______________________________
|
_Bogislaw I, Duke of POMERANIA-STETTIN _|_______________________________
| (1130 - 1187) m 1177
_Bogislaw II, Duke of Pomerania STETTIN _|
| |
| | _Mieszko III, Duke of POLAND __+
| | | (.... - 1202)
| |_Anastasia of POLAND ___________________|_Jevdokija\Isjaslavna of KIEV _
| m 1177
_Barnim, Duke of Pomerania STETTIN _|
| |
| | _______________________________
| | |
| | ________________________________________|_______________________________
| | |
| |_Vycheslava, Princess of SMOLENSK _______|
| |
| | _______________________________
| | |
| |________________________________________|_______________________________
|
|
|--Bogislav IV of Pommerania, Duke of Pomerania WOLGAS
|
| _______________________________
| |
| ________________________________________|_______________________________
| |
| _________________________________________|
| | |
| | | _______________________________
| | | |
| | |________________________________________|_______________________________
| |
|_Margarethe, Princess of BRUNSWICK _|
|
| _______________________________
| |
| ________________________________________|_______________________________
| |
|_________________________________________|
|
| _______________________________
| |
|________________________________________|_______________________________
[23293] Bogislav IV m. Mechtild, Princess of Brandenburg Mechtild, daughter of Margrave Johann I of Brandenburg and Jutta of Saxony.