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[28830] Edmund and Annis went to Wells in 1643 after arriving in Boston aboard the "Bevis" perhaps in or before 1638. The Rev. John Wheelright was among the passengers and Edmund belonged to his parish in Exeter (England) in 1630. See "Genealogical And Family History of the State of Maine, Vol. 1," compiled under the Editorial supervision of George Thomas Little L(New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1909), p. 101. Also see "The history of Wells and Kennebunk from the earliest settlement to the year 1820. . . ," Edward Emerson Bourne (Portland, ME: B. Thurston & Co., 1875). Annis is daughter of Richard Asten [sic] of Tichfield according to Richard's will (1623, Archdeaconry of Winchester) - see NEHGR 1913, p. 345.
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| (1746 - 1785) m 1764 |
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| |_Letizia RAMOLINO _____________________|
| (1750 - 1836) m 1764 |
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|--Napoleon (III) BONAPARTE
| (1808 - 1873)
| _Francis IV of BEAUHARNAIS _+
| | (1630 - 1681)
| _Claude DE BEAUHARNAIS _|____________________________
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| _Francois DE BEAUHARNAIS __________________|
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| | |_Marie Anne Henriette Pyvart DE CHASTULLE _|
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He revived the Napoleonic Empire in the mid-19th century and led France to defeat in the Franco-Prussian War.
Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was born in Paris, on April 20, 1808, the third and last son of King Louis and Queen Hortense (1783-1837) of Holland, and thus a nephew of Napoleon I. Because the Bonaparte family was banished from France after his uncle's downfall, Louis Napoleon was educated privately in Switzerland and Bavaria. His mother schooled him in the glories of the Napoleonic legend and set his course toward the recovery of family power. Toward that end, he wrote pamphlets and treatises to advertise himself and formulate a political program, portraying himself as social reformer, political liberal, military expert, and proponent of agricultural and industrial development. He also led two unsuccessful armed attempts to overthrow the regime of King Louis Philippe, in 1836 and 1840. Imprisoned for life after the latter, he managed to escape in 1846, calling renewed attention to himself.
Leadership of France
Once Louis Philippe was ousted in 1848, Louis Napoleon renewed his quest by offering himself as a candidate for the presidency of the new French republic. To the astonishment of political veterans, he won in a landslide. His triumph was diminished, however, by a Royalist victory in the legislative elections in 1849 and by the constitution's limiting him to one 4-year term. He resolved that dilemma by a coup d'état on December 2, 1851, assuming dictatorial powers and extending his term of office to ten years. Despite continued pockets of opposition, clear evidence of widespread popular support encouraged him a year later to convert the Second Republic into the Second Empire; because Napoleon I's son (died 1832) had been known to his followers as Napoleon II, he took the title Napoleon III. Historians divide his reign into two periods. The dictatorship persisted until 1860; thereafter he began a series of liberal reforms that culminated in a limited monarchy, the Liberal Empire, on January 2, 1870. This liberalization was marked by labor legislation, a movement toward free trade, and a revival of opposition parties. Perhaps Napoleon III's most durable work was the reconstruction of Paris. His successes, however, were overshadowed by a foreign policy that was too often idealistic, blinding the emperor to real dangers to French security. The threat from Prussia, in particular, was perceived too late and caught the French unprepared in every respect when war came in 1870. Swift defeat in the field led to Napoleon's capture, and his regime was overthrown in Paris on September 4, 1870. He died in exile.
Evaluation
Napoleon III's reputation in France collapsed in the aftermath of the shocking defeat and has never entirely recovered. The reevaluation of his place in history has been more the work of foreign historians, untouched by the national humiliation of 1870, who recognized his good intentions. His place in history will ultimately depend upon whether his social and economic goals are deemed necessary and desirable. His despotism now appears to have been relatively benevolent, and the responsibility for military failure in 1870 is no longer attributed to him alone.
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_Samuel Wenger BRECHBILL _|
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[49074] Rebecca opened the first beauty shop in Quarryville shortly after taking a job with a barber in 1925.
[30054] Theobald m. Anna Maria Meer (b. 1720in Berks Co.,PA). Theobald is son of John Carl (b.. 1690 in Nassau, Saarbruecken, Germany) and Anna Maria Weiss (b.1687, m. 6 Sept 1708 in Germany) - according to the unverified file in Ancestry.com.
_Robert GRAY ________+
| (1680 - 1748) m 1706
_Joshua GRAY ________|_Elizabeth FREETHY __
| (1714 - ....) m 1736 (1686 - ....)
_Reuben (Sr.) GRAY __|
| (1743 - 1832) m 1763|
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| |_Jennat ELLIOT ______|_____________________
| m 1736
_Reuben (Jr.) GRAY _____|
| (1762 - 1858) |
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| (1743 - 1820) m 1763|
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_Samuel H. GRAY ________________|
| (1790 - 1852) |
| | _Samuel HERRICK _____+
| | | (.... - 1743) m 1691
| | _Samuel HERRICK _____|_Sarah LEACH ________
| | | (1702 - 1764) m 1733 (1673 - 1711)
| | _Andrew HERRICK _____|
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| | | | _Benjamin HASKELL ___+
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| | | |_Prudence HASKELL ___|_Elizabeth ALLEN ____
| | | (1713 - 1774) m 1733 (1687 - 1724)
| |_Sarah Goodwin HERRICK _|
| (1766 - 1846) |
| | _Samuel GOODWIN _____+
| | | (1695 - ....) m 1719
| | _George GOODWIN _____|_Sarah DAVIS ________
| | | (1694 - ....)
| |_Sarah GOODWIN ______|
| (1746 - 1775) |
| | _Ephraim AYRES ______+
| | | (1687 - ....)
| |_Abigail AYRES ______|_Sarah MOORE ________
| (1724 - ....)
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|--Rosina GRAY
| (1814 - 1897)
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(1794 - 1836) |
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[47642] Rosina and Shadrach also had Asa Herrick Gray (1811-1882), Samuel F Gray (1823-1901) & Andrew Jackson Gray (18341896) according to Find A Grave memorial 141436125.
[29462] Ancestry.com offers: "Hammond Name Meaning - English (of Norman origin): from a personal name, Hamo(n), which is generally from a continental Germanic name Haimo, a short form of various compound names beginning with haim 'home', although it could also be from the Old Norse personal name Hámundr, composed of the elements hár 'high' + mund 'protection"
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_William KIRTON _____|
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_John KIRTON ________|
| (.... - 1529) m 1505|
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| |_Margery MILBOURNE __|
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|--Stephen KIRTON
| (1510 - 1553)
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| | | _Walter HUNGERFORD __
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| | | _Robert HUNGERFORD __|_Catherine PEVERELL _
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| | |_Eleanor HUNGERFORD _|
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| | | _William BOTREAUX ___+
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| | |_Margaret BOTREAUX __|_Elizabeth BEAUMONT _
| | (.... - 1478) (.... - 1488)
|_Margaret WHITE _____|
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Stephen died in St. Andrew's Parish, Undershaft, London. His children are Thomas, Ellen, Grissell and Ann. He was a merchant tailor, master of the Merchant Tailor's Company in London, merchant of the Staple of Calais, etc. See NEHGR, April 2000, 225-226.
From "Cassie's Tree" in Ancestry.com in 2011:
Stephen Kirton (1510-1566) was an Alderman of London and merchant of Staple in Calais.
The Merchants of the Staple, also known as the Merchant Staplers, was an English company which controlled the export of wool to the continent during the late medieval period.
The company of the staple may perhaps trace its ancestry back as far as 1282 or even further, but probably the safest date to accept would be 1359.
From 1314, the Crown required all wool for export to be traded at a designated market, called 'the staple'. This allowed the Crown to monitor the trade and levy tax on exports. After Calais was conquered in 1347 by the English, Calais was the staple from 1363, after that right had been assigned in turns to Bruges and Antwerp in the first half of the 14th century. A group of twenty-six traders was incorporated as the Company of the Staple at Calais. In exchange for its cooperation in the payment of taxes, the company was granted a total monopoly on wool exports from England. The company was important to the English crown, both as a source of revenue, and through its role in the defence of Calais against the French.
As domestic cloth production increased, raw wool exports were less important, diminishing the power of the Merchants. In 1558, with the loss of Calais to the French, the staple was transferred to Bruges where the Merchant Staplers continued to enjoy their monopoly on exports. However, in 1614, export of raw wool was banned entirely during the Cockayne Project of William Cockayne and wool was traded only in domestic staples. The project failed however, because the Estates-General of the Netherlands banned the import of cloth from England. In 1617 the English lifted their ban, but the Dutch ban remained in place. The Merchant Staplers continued to exist, but only in local markets.
[8909] living - details excluded
_Charles III of LOTHARINGIA _+
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_Charles IV of LOTHARINGIA _|_____________________________
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_Rambaldus I of LOTHARINGIA _|
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|--Henry I Magnus of LOTHARINGIA
| (.... - 0731)
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[2341] For tthis line, see Chart 320 on p. 566 in "Royal Genealogies or The Genealogical Tables of Emperors, Kings and Princes from Adam to These Times . . .", James Anderson (London: James Bettenham, M,DCC,XXXII) - available via Google books.
[31171] Ancestry.com offers: "Palmer Name Meaning - English: from Middle English, Old French palmer, paumer (from palme, paume 'palm tree', Latin palma), a nickname for someone who had been on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Such pilgrims generally brought back a palm branch as proof that they had actually made the journey, but there was a vigorous trade in false souvenirs, and the term also came to be applied to a cleric who sold indulgences."
_Drury Edward SCRUGGS ___+
| (1725 - 1782) m 1745
_William SCRUGGS ____|_Mary CARTER ____________
| (1749 - 1832) (1720 - 1803)
_Frederick SCRUGGS _________|
| (1772 - 1807) m 1797 |
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| (1756 - 1853)
_Frederick SCRUGGS _____|
| (1807 - 1853) m 1833 |
| | _James LINDSAY __________
| | | (.... - 1782) m 1719
| | _William LINDSAY ____|_Sarah DANIEL ___________
| | | (1731 - 1831) m 1775 (1703 - 1750)
| |_Rebecca LINDSEY ___________|
| (1774 - 1862) m 1797 |
| | _Thomas Henry BARKSDALE _
| | | (.... - 1788)
| |_Mary BARKSDALE _____|_Judith DUDLEY __________
| (1736 - 1834) m 1775 (.... - 1748)
_George Frederick SCRUGGS _|
| (1848 - ....) m 1868 |
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| (.... - 1849) m 1833 |
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|--Gertrude SCRUGGS
| (1877 - 1953)
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_Joseph Ellsworth TRUAX _|
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[48165] "The Courier [Waterloo, Iowa], 16 May 1969," p. 21: "Parkersburg - Services for Vern W. Truax, 61, who died early Sunday morning at Allen Memorial Hospital from emphysema, will be 1 p m. Wednesday at the First Congregational Church; burial in Oak Hill Cemetery; survived by his wife, Iva; a son, Kendall of Parkersburg; two sisters, Mrs. Flossie Ritzman and Mrs. George (Bernice) Van Dyke, both of Dumont; three brothers, Ted of Clear Lake, John and Willis, both of Parkersburg; friends may call at Kngelkes Funeral Home in Parkersburg." Note: Find A Grave memorial 202404008 provides different dates!