__ | __|__ | __| | | | | __ | | | | |__|__ | __| | | | | __ | | | | | __|__ | | | | |__| | | | | __ | | | | |__|__ | _Nathaniel BILLINGS _| | | | | __ | | | | | __|__ | | | | | __| | | | | | | | | __ | | | | | | | | |__|__ | | | | |__| | | | | __ | | | | | __|__ | | | | |__| | | | | __ | | | | |__|__ | | |--John BILLINGS | (.... - 1704) | __ | | | __|__ | | | __| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |__|__ | | | __| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | | __|__ | | | | | | |__| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |__|__ | | |_____________________| | | __ | | | __|__ | | | __| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |__|__ | | |__| | | __ | | | __|__ | | |__| | | __ | | |__|__
[17047] See "Penobscot Pioneers" (1993), p. 33. He is son of Nathaniel Billings who is said to be of Concord, MA by 1640 and who died 24 Aug 1673. John had a brother, Nathaniel. John m. (2) 31 Dec 1685 in Concord, MA Elizabeth Lamson. The unverified Copper Family Tree in 2018 in Ancestry.com provides his information.
_____________________ | _______________________________|_____________________ | ________________________________| | | | | _____________________ | | | | |_______________________________|_____________________ | ________________________________| | | | | _____________________ | | | | | _______________________________|_____________________ | | | | |________________________________| | | | | _____________________ | | | | |_______________________________|_____________________ | _Uriah BOUCHER ___________________| | (1818 - 1873) m 1843 | | | _____________________ | | | | | _______________________________|_____________________ | | | | | ________________________________| | | | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | | | |_______________________________|_____________________ | | | | |________________________________| | | | | _____________________ | | | | | _______________________________|_____________________ | | | | |________________________________| | | | | _____________________ | | | | |_______________________________|_____________________ | | |--Sarah C. BOUCHER | (1846 - 1928) | _____________________ | | | _______________________________|_____________________ | | | ________________________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | |_______________________________|_____________________ | | | _Jacob SMITH ___________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | | _______________________________|_____________________ | | | | | | |________________________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | |_______________________________|_____________________ | | |_Amanda Calista ("Clista") SMITH _| (1827 - 1916) m 1843 | | _____________________ | | | _John STEINHOFF _______________|_____________________ | | (.... - 1811) | _Andrew Herman (Sr.) STEINHOFF _| | | (1773 - 1816) | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | |_Hannah ("Anna") Marie HOPART _|_____________________ | | (1752 - 1829) |_Catherine ("Katie") STEINHOFF _| (.... - 1852) | | _Duncan MALCOLM _____ | | (1720 - ....) | _Findlay MALCOLM ______________|_____________________ | | (1750 - 1829) m 1776 |_Janet (Jennie) MALCOLM ________| (1782 - ....) | | _Daniel WARDWELL ____+ | | (1734 - 1803) m 1755 |_Tryphena WARDWELL ____________|_Sarah STAPLES ______ (1761 - 1813) m 1776
________________________________ | _James "Byron James" CULBERTSON _|________________________________ | (1748 - 1805) _Samuel CULBERTSON ____________| | (1780 - 1819) m 1805 | | | ________________________________ | | | | |_________________________________|________________________________ | _Stephen CULBERTSON _| | (1813 - 1899) m 1838| | | ________________________________ | | | | | _________________________________|________________________________ | | | | |_Elizabeth (Hannah) TROUSDALE _| | (1785 - 1864) m 1805 | | | ________________________________ | | | | |_________________________________|________________________________ | _Albert R. CULBERTSON _| | (1861 - 1933) | | | ________________________________ | | | | | _________________________________|________________________________ | | | | | _______________________________| | | | | | | | | ________________________________ | | | | | | | | |_________________________________|________________________________ | | | | |_Margaret MCCUNE ____| | (1818 - 1892) m 1838| | | ________________________________ | | | | | _________________________________|________________________________ | | | | |_______________________________| | | | | ________________________________ | | | | |_________________________________|________________________________ | | |--Lodeska Blanche CULBERTSON | (1899 - 1966) | _Adam PIPER ____________________ | | (1728 - 1794) | _Daniel PIPER ___________________|_Catharine ZOLLINGER ___________ | | (1777 - 1838) | _John Adam PIPER ______________| | | (1803 - 1880) | | | | ________________________________ | | | | | | |_Mary WITTER ____________________|________________________________ | | (1784 - 1865) | _Wilson PIPER _______| | | (1830 - 1914) m 1859| | | | _Johann Heinrich Peter STRUBLE _+ | | | | (1742 - 1802) | | | _Daniel STRUBLE _________________|_Anna Elizabeth LONGCORE _______ | | | | (1782 - 1860) (1744 - 1813) | | |_Margaret Mary STRUBLE ________| | | (.... - 1862) | | | | ________________________________ | | | | | | |_Mary ROOK ______________________|________________________________ | | (1784 - 1869) |_Orpha Ann PIPER ______| (1864 - 1932) | | _Peter SHEARER _________________ | | m 1757 | _Peter SHEARER __________________|_Elisabeth Susanna BADER _______ | | | _Peter SHEARER ________________| | | (1802 - 1869) m 1826 | | | | _Johann George MERKEL __________+ | | | | (1729 - 1779) m 1750 | | |_Christina MARKEL _______________|_Anna Maria Christina HILL _____ | | (1766 - 1842) (1726 - 1803) |_Anna Eliza SHEARER _| (1830 - 1907) m 1859| | ________________________________ | | | _________________________________|________________________________ | | |_Wilhelmina "Nellie" MCVITTY __| (1806 - 1872) m 1826 | | ________________________________ | | |_________________________________|________________________________
[31604] AKA Lola; she m. Chester Oliver McVitty (1902-1961) and had Clyde C. McVitty (b. 29 Jan 1923, d. 9 Feb 1944 in Italy serving in the 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment, killed in action), Retha McVitty (b. 9 Feb 1933, d. 27 Nov 2001, m. Marl Speck [b. 2 Nov 1927, d. 14 Sept 1994]) and Darlene McVitty Hopkins (1935 - 1996).
_Louis IV "L'Outre-Mere", King of FRANCE _+ | (0919 - 0954) m 0939 _Charles of LORRAINE _|_Gerberga of SAXONY ______________________ | (0953 - 0991) (.... - 0984) _Charles, Lord COURCI _| | | | | _Godefroy ("the Old"), Count of VERDUN ___+ | | | (.... - 0995) | |_Bonne D'ARDENNES ____|_Matilda Billung of SAXONY _______________ | (.... - 1008) _Wigelius DE COURCIE _| | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | | | |_______________________| | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | |______________________|__________________________________________ | _Baldricus TEUTONICUS _______| | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | | | | |______________________|__________________________________________ | | | | |______________________| | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | | | |_______________________| | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | |______________________|__________________________________________ | | |--Fulk D'AUNOU | | __________________________________________ | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | | |______________________|__________________________________________ | | | ______________________| | | | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | | | | | |_______________________| | | | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | | |______________________|__________________________________________ | | |_a niece of Count GISLEBERT _| | | __________________________________________ | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | | _______________________| | | | | | | __________________________________________ | | | | | | |______________________|__________________________________________ | | |______________________| | | __________________________________________ | | | ______________________|__________________________________________ | | |_______________________| | | __________________________________________ | | |______________________|__________________________________________
[3739] From "The Conqueror and His Companions," by J.R. Planché, Somerset Herald (London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874): "Cil ki ert Sire d'Alnou," another of those Norman seigneurs Master Wace leaves us to identify, is generally held to have been Fulk or Foulques, second son of Baudry le Teuton or Baldric the German, of whom I have spoken in the memoir of Richard de Courci (p. 85), nephew of Fulk, being the son of his brother Robert. Fulk, like the rest of his brothers, took for their surnames those of their fiefs, and Fulk was at the time of the Conquest Lord of Aunou-le-Faucon, or, as Mons. le Prévost instructs us we should call it, " le Foulcon," a designation it had derived from the repetition of the name of Fulk during several generations of its ancient possessors. However this may be, I think it probable that the Fulk d'Aunou at the time of the Conquest, and of whom there are charters as late as 1082, was a son of the first Sire d'Aunou, and a cousin of Richard de Courci and Martel de Bacqueville, the son of Nicholas de Bacqueville-en-Caux, the eldest of Baldric's children, which said Martel is also included by Wace in his catalogue of the companions of the Conqueror. "De Bacqueville i fu Martel." -Ronz. de Rou, l. 13,631. A descendant of this Martel was Dapifer to King Stephen in 1143; but, although we are told by Orderic that the six sons of Baldric the German distinguished themselves by their great valour under Duke William, from whom they received riches and honours, and left to their heirs vast possessions in Normandy, not a single feat of arms or important action of any description is recorded either of them or their sons, two, if not three, of whom were in the army at Hastings. A Fulcone Claudo is set down in Taylor's List as having contributed forty vessels to William's fleet -- "A Fulcone Claudo xl. naves;" but unless Claudo be a clerical error, and we should read Alnou, I cannot venture to appropriate the gift to the son of Baldric the Teuton. Another son of that Baldric was the immediate ancestor of a family unequalled for fame and power by any in England. The name of Nevil is one of the greatest inscribed on the roll of Anglo-Norman chivalry; and though not mentioned by Orderic, Wace, Guillaume de Poitiers, or any other chronicler in their list of the companions of the Conqueror, we cannot, however questionable may be the authority of the Roll of Battle Abbey, challenge the insertion of it as one of the proofs of its inaccuracy. [source: http://www.patpnyc.com/conq/withwm.shtml in 2003]
_Robert DUNBAR _______________+ | (1634 - 1693) _Joseph DUNBAR ______|_Rose, wife of Robert DUNBAR _ | (1662 - 1725) (.... - 1700) _Joseph DUNBAR ______| | (1702 - 1782) m 1729| | | _John GARDNER ________________ | | | (.... - 1668) | |_Christian GARDENER _|______________________________ | (1668 - 1726) _Hosea DUNBAR _______| | (1735 - 1789) | | | ______________________________ | | | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | | | |_Elizabeth COLE _____| | m 1729 | | | ______________________________ | | | | |_____________________|______________________________ | _William DUNBAR _____| | (1778 - ....) | | | ______________________________ | | | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | | | | _____________________| | | | | | | | | ______________________________ | | | | | | | | |_____________________|______________________________ | | | | |_Janet HENRY ________| | (1747 - ....) | | | ______________________________ | | | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | | | |_____________________| | | | | ______________________________ | | | | |_____________________|______________________________ | | |--George Bartlett DUNBAR | (1809 - ....) | ______________________________ | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | ______________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________|______________________________ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | ______________________________ | | | | | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________| | | | | | | ______________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________|______________________________ | | |_Jerusha HOLMES _____| (1783 - 1863) | | ______________________________ | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | ______________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________|______________________________ | | |_____________________| | | ______________________________ | | | _____________________|______________________________ | | |_____________________| | | ______________________________ | | |_____________________|______________________________
[38084] George is from the unverified Bensten and Reed Ancestral Lines database on-line in 2014.
_____________________ | _Joseph T. GETCHELL ____|_____________________ | (1824 - 1892) _Whitfield Trafton GETCHELL _| | (1871 - 1956) | | | _Thomas STAIRS ______ | | | (1799 - 1847) m 1826 | |_Octavia Murray STAIRS _|_Elizabeth BRAGDON __ | (1847 - 1919) (1810 - 1897) _Russell Carleton GETCHELL _| | (1899 - 1989) m 1918 | | | _____________________ | | | | | ________________________|_____________________ | | | | |_Alice Maud BURPEE __________| | (1870 - 1954) | | | _____________________ | | | | |________________________|_____________________ | _Russell Carleton (Jr) GETCHELL _| | (1922 - 1984) | | | _____________________ | | | | | ________________________|_____________________ | | | | | _Albert Roscoe JEWETT _______| | | | (1856 - 1911) m 1897 | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | | | |________________________|_____________________ | | | | |_Maud Evelyn JEWETT ________| | (1900 - 1981) m 1918 | | | _____________________ | | | | | _Porter Devere DRESSER _|_____________________ | | | (1854 - 1937) m 1877 | |_Flora Mabel DRESSER ________| | (1878 - 1958) m 1897 | | | _Paul W. DELANO _____+ | | | (1816 - 1883) m 1842 | |_Prudence Addie DELANO _|_Prudence H. BLAKE __ | (.... - 1900) m 1877 (1826 - 1895) | |--Russell Carleton ("Chipper") (III) GETCHELL | (1950 - 2019) | _____________________ | | | ________________________|_____________________ | | | _____________________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | |________________________|_____________________ | | | ____________________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | | ________________________|_____________________ | | | | | | |_____________________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | |________________________|_____________________ | | |_Ruth NORRIS ____________________| (1927 - 2020) | | _____________________ | | | ________________________|_____________________ | | | _____________________________| | | | | | | _____________________ | | | | | | |________________________|_____________________ | | |____________________________| | | _____________________ | | | ________________________|_____________________ | | |_____________________________| | | _____________________ | | |________________________|_____________________
[50427] "Bangor Daily News [Bangor, Maine], 15 May 2019": "Caribou - Russell C. 'Chipper' Getchell III died May 13, 2019, at Caribou. He was born in Caribou, June 8, 1950, the son of Russell and Ruth (Norris) Getchell Jr. Chipper was a 1969 graduate of Caribou High School, was employed as the course manager at the Loring Golf Club for a number of years and was also employed as a state certified concrete inspector, working for several inspection companies in several states. He was an avid golfer, was a member of the Presque Isle Fish and Games Club, and was a former member of the Caribou Lions Club. Chipper also enjoyed riding his Harley and attending various motorcycle events around the country. Surviving in addition to his mother, Ruth of Caribou are his brother, David Getchell and wife, Kathy, of Upper Kent, N.B., Canada; his sister Mary Gagnon and husband, Russell, of Caribou; nieces and nephews, Troy, Sherri Lynn, Linda, Melissa, Mark, Jessica and Mindy; special great nieces and nephews, Zoey, Melanie, Dylan, Hannah, Olivia, Addy, Ethan and Hunter; a brother-in-law, Mark Barthelemy of Fort Kent; and Special cousin, Howard Getchell and wife, Kim, of Caribou. Chip was predeceased by his father and his sister. Cathie Barthelemy."
_____________________________ | _William P. GROSS _____|_____________________________ | (1859 - 1931) _Vernon John GROSS ____| | (1882 - 1946) m 1925 | | | _____________________________ | | | | |_______________________|_____________________________ | _Stanley William ("Spool") GROSS _| | (1906 - 1972) m 1935 | | | _Henry Harrison HACKENBERG __+ | | | (1841 - 1921) m 1862 | | _Robert E. HACKENBERG _|_Sarah Alice MCALISTER ______ | | | (1857 - ....) (1840 - 1908) | |_Catherine HACKENBERG _| | (1882 - ....) m 1925 | | | _____________________________ | | | | |_______________________|_____________________________ | _William Stanley GROSS _| | | | | _____________________________ | | | | | _______________________|_____________________________ | | | | | _______________________| | | | | | | | | _____________________________ | | | | | | | | |_______________________|_____________________________ | | | | |_Roma Grace ZIMMERMAN ____________| | (1916 - 2008) m 1935 | | | _____________________________ | | | | | _______________________|_____________________________ | | | | |_______________________| | | | | _____________________________ | | | | |_______________________|_____________________________ | | |--Stacey Lynn GROSS | | _Archibald Perry AIKENS _____ | | (1829 - 1907) | _William Harry AIKENS _|_Margaret ("Maggie") WATSON _ | | (1867 - 1928) (1829 - 1907) | _Perry James AIKENS ___| | | (1894 - 1966) | | | | _____________________________ | | | | | | |_______________________|_____________________________ | | | _Richard Jesse AIKENS ____________| | | (1914 - 1988) m 1935 | | | | _Miles HAFFLY _______________+ | | | | (1828 - 1897) m 1849 | | | _George HAFFLY ________|_Margaret J. ROGERS _________ | | | | (1828 - ....) | | |_Hattie Hazel HAFFLY __| | | (1891 - 1982) | | | | _____________________________ | | | | | | |_______________________|_____________________________ | | |_Shirley Ann AIKENS ____| | | _Robert C. CROZIER __________+ | | (1786 - 1856) m 1817 | _Robert Cuddy CROZIER _|_Mary Ann ("Polly") RICE ____ | | (1836 - 1905) (1793 - 1873) | _William K. CROZIER ___| | | (1865 - 1933) | | | | _____________________________ | | | | | | |_Henrietta SNYDER _____|_____________________________ | | (1838 - 1901) |_Katherine L. CROZIER ____________| (1914 - 1981) m 1935 | | _____________________________ | | | _______________________|_____________________________ | | |_Nellie BYERS _________| (1879 - 1951) | | _____________________________ | | |_______________________|_____________________________
[3153] living - details excluded
[49901] Ruth arrived in MA aboard the Ship Elizabeth.
__ | __|__ | _James MARLIN _______| | (1706 - 1780) | | | __ | | | | |__|__ | _James (III) (Esq.) MARLIN ___________| | (1736 - 1802) | | | __ | | | | | __|__ | | | | |_____________________| | | | | __ | | | | |__|__ | _William MARLIN _________| | (1760 - 1804) | | | __ | | | | | __|__ | | | | | _____________________| | | | | | | | | __ | | | | | | | | |__|__ | | | | |_Agnes (Nancy), wife of James MARLIN _| | (1737 - 1803) | | | __ | | | | | __|__ | | | | |_____________________| | | | | __ | | | | |__|__ | | |--Jane MARLIN | (1803 - 1870) | __ | | | __|__ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |__|__ | | | ______________________________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | | __|__ | | | | | | |_____________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |__|__ | | |_Rachel Louisa ANDERSON _| (1765 - 1854) | | __ | | | __|__ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |__|__ | | |______________________________________| | | __ | | | __|__ | | |_____________________| | | __ | | |__|__
_Witte II (King, 350-400), King of SAXONS _+ | _Witigislus, King of SAXONS _|___________________________________________ | _Hengest, Prince of Jutes, King Of SAXONS _| | (.... - 0488) | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | _Hathwigate, Prince of SAXONS _| | (.... - 0524) | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | | |___________________________________________| | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | _Hulderick, King of SAXONS _| | (.... - 0540) | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | | | ___________________________________________| | | | | | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | | |_______________________________| | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | | |___________________________________________| | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | | |--Bodicus, Prince of SAXONS | (.... - 0568) | ___________________________________________ | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | ___________________________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | _______________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | | | | |___________________________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | | |____________________________| | | ___________________________________________ | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | | ___________________________________________| | | | | | | ___________________________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________ | | |_______________________________| | | ___________________________________________ | | | _____________________________|___________________________________________ | | |___________________________________________| | | ___________________________________________ | | |_____________________________|___________________________________________
[32162] Hartman m. 20 Dec 1781 in Berks Co., PA Sarah Moll (b. 1760 in Switzerland).
________________________ | _Peter STAPLES ______|________________________ | (1648 - 1719) m 1673 _Peter STAPLES ______| | (1673 - 1721) m 1696| | | _Robert BEEDLE _________ | | | (1625 - 1648) | |_Elizabeth BEEDLE ___|_Mary Magdalene BAILEY _ | m 1673 (.... - 1685) _Peter STAPLES ______| | (1699 - ....) m 1721| | | ________________________ | | | | | _____________________|________________________ | | | | |_Mary LANG __________| | (1678 - 1721) m 1696| | | ________________________ | | | | |_____________________|________________________ | _Peter STAPLES ______| | | | | ________________________ | | | | | _____________________|________________________ | | | | | _____________________| | | | | | | | | ________________________ | | | | | | | | |_____________________|________________________ | | | | |_Joanna KING ________| | (1699 - ....) m 1721| | | ________________________ | | | | | _____________________|________________________ | | | | |_____________________| | | | | ________________________ | | | | |_____________________|________________________ | | |--Susannah STAPLES | | ________________________ | | | _____________________|________________________ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | ________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________|________________________ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | ________________________ | | | | | | | _____________________|________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________| | | | | | | ________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________|________________________ | | |_Susannah TETHERLY __| | | ________________________ | | | _____________________|________________________ | | | _____________________| | | | | | | ________________________ | | | | | | |_____________________|________________________ | | |_____________________| | | ________________________ | | | _____________________|________________________ | | |_____________________| | | ________________________ | | |_____________________|________________________
[16407] Not PROVEN to be the woman of her name who m. George Meserve.
__ | _Clovis the RIPUARIAN _|__ | _Childebert ("Frank"), King of COLOGNE _| | | | | __ | | | | |_______________________|__ | _Siegbert The Lame, King of COLOGNE _| | (.... - 0509) | | | __ | | | | | _______________________|__ | | | | |________________________________________| | | | | __ | | | | |_______________________|__ | _Cloderic The Parricide, King of COLOGNE _| | (.... - 0509) | | | __ | | | | | _______________________|__ | | | | | ________________________________________| | | | | | | | | __ | | | | | | | | |_______________________|__ | | | | |_____________________________________| | | | | __ | | | | | _______________________|__ | | | | |________________________________________| | | | | __ | | | | |_______________________|__ | | |--Munderic, Lord of VITRY-EN-PARTHOIS | | __ | | | _______________________|__ | | | ________________________________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |_______________________|__ | | | _____________________________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | | _______________________|__ | | | | | | |________________________________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |_______________________|__ | | |__________________________________________| | | __ | | | _______________________|__ | | | ________________________________________| | | | | | | __ | | | | | | |_______________________|__ | | |_____________________________________| | | __ | | | _______________________|__ | | |________________________________________| | | __ | | |_______________________|__
[1793] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munderic offers: "Munderic (died ca 533) was a Merovingian pretender and claimaint to the Frankish throne. He was a wealthy nobleman and landowner with vast estates in the region around Vitry-le-Brûle near Châlons-sur-Marne. The chief source for his life and deeds is Gregory of Tours. In 532 or 533 he put forth a claim to royal descent, and asked for a share of the kingdom of Austrasia from Theuderic I. He had a band of sworn followers. Theuderic attempted to summon him to court in order to kill him, but after Munderic refused, a force was sent against him. The pretender took refuge with his loyal supporters in Vitry. The Austrasian army, however, lacked siege engines and were unable to seriously invest the place. Theuderic responded by sending a personal courtier of his, Arigisel, to negotiate for the rebels to come out, which they did. The dishonest ambassador had them cut down immediately."